The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), statutory organization, was constituted in September, 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. Further, CPCB was entrusted with the powers and functions under (1.1).
It serves as a field formation and also provides technical services to (1.2) of the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. Principal Functions of the CPCB, as spelt out in the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, and (1.1), (i) to promote cleanliness of streams and wells in different areas of the States by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution, and (ii) to improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country.
Air Quality Monitoring is an important part of the air quality management. The National Air Monitoring Programme (NAMP) has been established with objectives to determine the present air quality status and trends and to control and regulate pollution from industries and other source to meet the air quality standards. It also provides background air quality data needed for industrial siting and towns planning.
Besides this, CPCB has an automatic monitoring station at ITO Intersection in New Delhi. At this station Resizable Suspended (1.3) (RSPM), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Ozone (O3), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) and Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) are being monitored regularly. This information on Air Quality at ITO is updated every week.
Fresh water is a finite resource essential for use in agriculture, industry, propagation of wildlife & fisheries and for human existence. India is a riverine country. It has 14 major rivers, 44 medium rivers and 55 minor rivers besides numerous lakes, ponds and wells which are used as primary source of drinking water even without treatment. Most of the rivers being fed by monsoon rains, which is limited to only three months of the year, run dry throughout the rest of the year often carrying wastewater discharges from industries or cities/towns endangering the quality of our scarce water resources. The parliament of India in its wisdom enacted the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 with a view to maintaining and restoring wholesomeness of our water bodies. One of the mandates of CPCB is to collect, collate and disseminate technical and statistical data relating to water pollution. Hence, Water Quality Monitoring (WQM) and Surveillance are of utmost importance.
1.1) In the given passage, further power to CPCB has been provided under
a) Environment Protection Act, 1986
b) the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
c) Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
d) Both a & c
1.2) In the given passage, CPCB provides technical services to
a) Jal Shakti Ministry
b) Home Ministry for disaster preparedness
c) Environment Ministry
d) Services to Department of Water Resources
1.3) In the given passage, PM stands for
a) Prime Minister
b) Post Meridian
c) Particulate Matter
d) Post Mortem
1.4) With reference to given passage, Minister of Jal Shakti Ministry is
a) Shri Nitin Gadkari
b) Shri Prakash Javadekar
c) Shri Gajendra Singh Sekhawat
d) Shri Rajnath Singh
1.5) In the given passage, with reference to the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, India is a
a) Desert Country
b) Country of Mountains
c) Hilly Country
d) Riverine Country
