World Health Organization (WHO) ne pehli baar health threatening fungi ki list release ki.
Context: WHO recently published a report highlighting the first-ever list of fungal “priority pathogens” – a catalogue of the 19 fungi that represent the greatest threat to public health.
- The WHO fungal priority pathogens list (FPPL) is the first global effort to systematically prioritize fungal pathogens, considering the unmet research and development (R&D) needs and the perceived public health importance.
- Black Fungus, White Fungus, Yellow Fungus, and Green Fungus have been attributed to COVID-19 and led to prolonged morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients.
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Types of fungal infections:
- Green Fungus: Green Fungus or Aspergillosis is the latest addition to COVID-triggered fungal infection that has been reported in Indore.
Symptoms: High fever, Chest pain, Cough, Nose bleeding, Shortness of breath, Weightless, Weakness or Fatigue.
- Yellow Fungus: Yellow Fungus, another COVID-triggered fungal infection has been reported in Ghaziabad.
Symptoms: Cough, Fever, Diarrhea, Dark spots on lungs, Reduced oxygen level.
Note: The symptoms of the White Fungus are similar to that of the COVID-19 infection.
- White Fungus: White Fungus or Aspergillosis was detected in four patients at Patna Medical College and Hospital (PMCH) in Bihar.
Symptoms: Cough, Fever, Diarrhea, Dark spots on lungs and Reduced oxygen level.
- Black Fungus: Increased cases of Black Fungus or Mucormycosis have been observed in COVID-19 patients in the national capital.
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The symptoms of Black Fungus infection are:
For Brain Mucormycosis: One-sided facial swelling, Headache, Nasal or sinus congestion, Black lesions on nasal bridge or upper inside of the mouth, Fever.
For Pulmonary Mucormycosis: Fever, Cough, Chest pain, Shortness of breath
For Gastrointestinal Mucormycosis: Abdominal pain, Nausea and vomiting, Gastrointestinal bleeding.
Pathogens?
Pathogens are infectious micro-organisms, germs, or biological agents that cause infectious diseases or illnesses in the host human.
- The ability of a pathogen to cause disease is called pathogenicity.
- The degree to which an organism is pathogenic is called virulence.
- There are five main types of pathogens:
- virus, bacterium, fungus, protozoa, and helminth (parasitic worms).
Reference: https://www.medicinenet.com/what_are_the_five_pathogens/article.htm
Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51yyYVxJ7wU
Practice Time:
Q1. Who is the current director general of WHO?
- Brock Chisholm
- Margaret Chan
- Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus
- Lee Jong-wook
Answer: C, The Director-General also leads the WHO Secretariat and is also the ex-officio Secretary of the World Health Assembly, the WHO Executive Board, and of all commissions and committees, and conferences convened by the Organization.
Q2. Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus has been re-appointed as Director-General of the World Health Organization for a second term. Which nation is Tedros Adhanom from?
- Tanzania
- Ethiopia
- Kenya
- Rwanda
Answer: B, World Health Organization has re-appointed Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus as Director-General of WHO for the second term with effect from 16th August 2022.
Q3. In which country did the World Health Organization create the Global Centre for Traditional Medicine (GCTM)?
- Surat
- Rajkot
- Ahmedabad
- Jamnagar
Answer: D, WHO Global Center for Traditional Medicine (GCTM) is to be established in Jamnagar, Gujarat.
Q4. Consider the following statements:
- Director -General of the World Health Organization is appointed by the World Health Assembly.
- The term of the Director-General lasts for five years.
- No person can be appointed the Director-General more than twice.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- Only 1
- Only 1 & 2
- Only 2 & 3
- 1, 2 & 3
Answer: B
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